Rangkiang Mathematics Journal

Development of Flat Clock Miniature Learning Media in 5th Grade of Elementary School Mathematics Learning

M Muthma'innah — 2025-10-31

Learning mathematics in elementary school often presents difficulties for students, particularly in understanding the abstract concepts of flat shapes. Students tend to struggle with geometric and spatial reasoning, especially when lessons are delivered without concrete and systematic learning aids. To address this issue, innovative learning media are needed to enhance conceptual comprehension and engagement. This study focuses on the development of a Flat Clock Miniature as a learning medium for fifth-grade elementary students. The purpose of this design-based research is to develop a prototype of a miniature flat clock that can facilitate students’ understanding of plane geometry. Data were collected through documentation, including books and relevant journal articles concerning the use of manipulative learning media in mathematics, particularly on flat shapes for elementary learners. Additionally, the researchers designed the flat clock miniature using simple and readily available materials to ensure accessibility and practicality. The analysis employed a descriptive qualitative approach to explain the development process, structure, and instructional function of the medium. The results show that the Flat Clock Miniature, supported by the use of a projector-based display, can potentially improve students’ comprehension of flat shapes and make mathematics learning more interactive and less monotonous. The study concludes that the effective use of innovative media by teachers can bridge the gap between teaching objectives and students’ understanding, thereby improving learning outcomes in elementary mathematics.

Middle School Teachers’ Professionalism (Beliefs and Attitudes) Toward Technology in Developing 3D Videos Using Plotagon

Yulyanti Harisman — 2025-10-31

This study focuses on the professionalism of teachers, particularly in terms of their attitudes and beliefs toward the integration of digital technology in teaching and learning activities. Plotagon was selected as a medium for developing interactive and contextual 3D instructional videos. The research employed a survey method aimed at exploring teachers’ interest in and acceptance of Plotagon as a supportive tool for instructional materials. The participants comprised twenty-eight junior high school teachers in Sawahlunto City. Prior to the survey, the teachers received intensive training on creating instructional videos using Plotagon. Data were collected through direct observation, questionnaires, and structured interviews. The findings reveal that the majority of teachers (91%) demonstrated positive beliefs regarding the use of digital culture-based technology through Plotagon, while 88% considered the medium beneficial for students. Furthermore, 86% of teachers showed high levels of engagement, and an equal proportion actively participated throughout the implementation process. These results imply that integrating digital storytelling platforms such as Plotagon can enhance teachers’ professional competence and foster innovative teaching practices.

The Effect of Problem-Based Learning Model on Junior High School Students' Self-Efficacy in Mathematics

Muhammad Zaini — 2025-10-31

Mathematics is an important part of science education and plays an important part in lots of aspects of life. However, students' low self-efficacy in mathematics is often an obstacle in learning. Low self-efficacy can inhibit students' confidence in solving problems and impact on their learning outcomes. One method that might be utilized to improve students' self-efficacy is the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model. This search aims to analyze the impact of PBL models on their self-efficacy in learning mathematics. This research used quasi-experiment method with Nonequivalent Posttest Only Control Group design. The research sample consisted of fifty-two seventh grade students of SMP IT Madani Islamic School Payakumbuh who were divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group was treated with PBL model, while the control group used conventional learning. Data was collected through self-efficacy questionnaire and analyzed descriptive and inferential statistical tests. The findings revealed that pupils who studied with PBL models had higher self-efficacy compared to students who used conventional learning models. In conclusion, the application of PBL can increase students' self-efficacy in learning mathematics because this method encourages active involvement, contextual problem solving, and reflection on the thinking process. This research shows the urgency of implementing PBL in mathematics learning to significantly improve students' confidence and learning outcomes.

Analysis of Students' Critical Thinking Skills in Learning Mathematics as Seen in The Face of Mathematics Anxiety

Tandaria Tandaria — 2025-11-04

The problems found in SMP Negeri 4 Majene are low critical thinking skills, excessive mathematical anxiety of students, students often feel heart palpitations and cold sweats. The purpose of this study is to analyze students' critical thinking skills in mathematics learning in terms of mathematical anxiety. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative research. The subjects of this study were 26 students of class VII. A of SMP Negeri 4 Majene consisting of 17 female students and 9 male students. Then, 9 subjects were selected who had high, medium, and low mathematical anxiety categories using purposive sampling techniques. The instruments used were a mathematical anxiety questionnaire, a test of students' critical thinking abilities, and interview guidelines. This study shows that students with low mathematical anxiety categories are better than students with medium and high mathematical anxiety categories. So, it can be concluded that students with low mathematical anxiety have higher critical thinking abilities than students with moderate levels of mathematical anxiety, and students with moderate levels of mathematical anxiety have higher critical thinking abilities than students with high levels of mathematical anxiety.

Implementing the Accrued Benefit Cost and Attained Age Normal Methods for Pension Fund Calculations

Sri Wahyu — 2025-11-04

Pension fund management often faces challenges arising from uncertainties in actuarial variables, such as retirement age, years of service, salary levels, and interest rates. Inaccurate calculations may result in fund deficits or impose excessive contribution burdens on companies. This study aims to identify the optimal method for calculating pension funds to ensure the maximization of pension program benefits. The research employs secondary data from a limited liability company, with documentation as the primary data collection instrument. The data include employees’ dates of birth, dates of registration for work, employment commencement dates, and wage records. The analysis focuses on normal contributions, actuarial liabilities, and fund accumulation using the Accrued Benefit Cost (ABC) and Attained Age Normal (AAN) methods. The results indicate that the AAN method generates higher normal contributions than the ABC method, making it more effective in preventing pension fund deficits. Conversely, the ABC method offers a more evenly distributed cost allocation throughout participants’ working periods. The findings suggest that the differences in results between the two methods are influenced by the length of service and the salary levels of participants.

An Analysis of Cardano’s Formula to Solved Cubic Equation

Reekha Aysi Darajat — 2025-11-04

Cubic equation in complex is equation with the form az³ + bz² + cz + d = 0, . The equation has solution that is often referred to as the root of the equation. In the method commonly is used to find the root of the equation is usually obtained the real number, but for complex root it can’t be determined. In determined the complex root is used Cardano’s formula. This formula is reduced the form of the cubic equation to canonical equation form, namely z³+ pz + q = 0. This research a basic research. In this research data was collected from various sources in the form of related theories. Beginning with analyzing the graph and it characteristics, tracing the Cardano’s formula and analyzing it proof. Furthermore, is formed a formula with the characteristics of the roots owned by a cubic equation. The research results show that Cardano’s formula which has root for can be determined of the roots with values of and . The characteristics of the roots of cubic equation z³+ pz + q = 0 are depended by the values of p, q and , where . Thus, eight characteristics of the roots of cubic equation can be obtained based on the values of p, q and .

Multidimensional Poverty Clustering using K-Means Algorithm with Dimensionaly Reduction by Principal Component Analysis

Admi Salma — 2025-11-05

The level of Multidimensional poverty in each province in Indonesia varies, similar policies is ineffective to reduce the poverty. Several poverty indicators also influence other factors. General policies established to overcome poverty have proven ineffective, making it urgent to identify the needs of each province in overcoming this condition. Grouping provinces based on similar multidimensional poverty which use cluster analysis, will help address this situation. The aim of this study is to group provinces based on multidimensional poverty indicators using the k-means clustering method. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was also used to reduce variables and multicollinearity. The clustering results showed seven clusters. The highest multidimensional poverty was found in cluster 2, which consisted of one province, namely Papua Pegunungan. This province shows deficiencies in education, health, and living standards compared to other clusters. Meanwhile, the lowest multidimensional poverty was found in cluster 7. There are three provinces in this cluster, namely Bali, Jakarta, and DIY Jogjakarta. These provinces experience minimal multidimensional poverty which is able to provide a better quality of life. The policies and development strategies in these provinces could serve as role models to develop other provinces based on their specific deficiencies and needs. Each cluster is well separated, as Davies Bouldin Index (DB) is lover, at 0.4.

Do Prestigious Schools Still Exist in Padang? An Exploratory Study on State Junior High School Admission 2025 in Padang

Dodi Vionanda — 2025-11-05

In this study, we perform an exploratory study of New Student Admission datasets for public Junior High School in Padang in 2025. We utilized tables, barplots, and boxplots to present information contained in datasets and we carried out cluster analysis using HDBSCAN algorithm. For this study we made use of admitted students’ datasets for each admission pathway of all state Junior High Schools in Padang in 2025. We carried out this study to investigate the emergence of prestigious schools among public Junior High School in Padang amid the implementation on zoning system. Our study reveals the presence of group of prestigious schools along with group of schools that admitted students mostly live nearby the schools. Hence, it is recommended for Padang Municipal government to improve the quality of schools that are not considered as prestigious schools since there are many schools that admitted students mostly live nearby the school.